Theses and Dissertations

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Supply Chain Management Practices and Performance of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Uganda, A Case of Manufacturing Enterprises in Lira City
(Lira University, 2021) Obote, Fred; Kumakech, Edward; Ocheng, Peter Opio
Background: The study was conducted to examine the effect of supply chain management on the performance of SMMEs in Lira City. Specifically, the study explored the effect of delivery time on SMMEs performance, determined the effect of quality management on the performance of SMMEs in Lira City and examined the effect of information sharing on the performance of SMMEs in Lira City. Methods: The study used the cross-sectional design to collect and analyze both quantitative and qualitative data from owners and managers of SMMEs in Lira City; the sample size of the study population was 113 and was sampled using simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Questionnaires and interview methods were used to collect data while mean and standard deviation were used to measure the performance of the construct in Lira City. Findings: Correlation coefficient was used to test the strength and the direction of the relationship between supply chain management practices and performance of SMMEs and the results revealed that supply chain management practices are positively correlated to SMMEs performance. Also, the findings of the study revealed a positive significant effect of delivery time on the performance of small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises in Lira City (coef. 0.408, p <0.01). Secondly, the results on the effect of quality management on the performance of small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises in Lira City further revealed a positive significant effect (coef. 0.631, p < 0.01). Thirdly, the effect of the information sharing on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in lira city was found to be positive and insignificant effect (coef. 0.137, p >0.01). finally, the results of multiple linear regressions yielded an adjusted R square value of 0.362, which meant that supply chain management practices contribute about 36.2% to the performance of small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises in Lira City. Recommendations: Based on the above findings, the study recommends that owners and managers of SMMEs should put more emphasis on quality management and the timely delivery of inventory to improve on the performance of their firms.
Financial Planning and Household Investments Among Primary School Teachers in Lira Central Division
(Lira University, 2021) Akeny, Emmanuel; Mwesigwa, David
The UNHS (2017) showed that Uganda households spends (96%) on consumption of goods and services. A massive (92%) of household that receive their post-retirement benefits spends it all in consumption and uniformed investments within a year and remain broke with no cash and assets to fall on yet (80%) of the beneficiaries have only NSSF as their post-retirement source of financial income. This ,after spending all of their working life on a paid employment and receiving a monthly income for that service .The study sought to investigate the effects of financial planning on household investments among primary school teachers in Lira Central Division . The study was guided by three objectives, namely ;1) To determine the effects of personal cash flow on household investment; 2) to examine the effects of personal dept management on household investments; and 3) to determine the effects of personal savings on household investments. The study adapted a cross-sectional survey design with purely quantitative research approach. The study population constituted 165 primary school teachers, who are paid from government ‘s consolidated fund, and sample of 118 primary school teachers. The study used questionnaire collect primary data while mean, standard deviation, correlations and regression were helpful in analyzing quantitative data. The findings indicate statistically insignificant effects of cash flow, dept management and personal saving on household investments in Lira Municipal Council. The study therefore recommends that primary school teachers should be exposed to financial education so that they can appreciate the significance of developing and using a financial plan to help them to achieve desired household investments which can continue to generate more income, supplementing the salary which is main source of income. In consideration of the fact that most primary school teachers have high operational expenses some of which are facilitated by credit, it is important that they prioritize short term fiscal discipline in order to guarantee a future of financial freedom fed by streams of investment income from household investment
Competitive Strategies and Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Lira City of Northern Uganda
(Lira University, 2021) Otim, Joe Dalton; Jehopio, Peter Jegrace; Kuka, Phinenous
The study sought to find out the significance of competitive strategies on performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SEMs), particularly in Lira City of Northern Uganda. Specifically, the study focuses on the influence of the market focus on the performance of SMEs, the effect of cost leadership on the performance of SNEs and the significance of product differentiation on performance of SMEs. According to Porter (2000) higher performance would be attained in an industry that is filled with competition through pursuing strategies which include being a leader in term of low cost, strategy for differentiating product and services and strategy on focusing at a particular market segment. A theoretical model was induced using competitive strategy paradigm of literature. It consisted of market focus strategies, differentiation strategies, cost leadership strategies and performance dimension. Cross-sectional design with quantitative method of investigation was moved to fulfill the objectives of the study. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to measure responses of 390 business respondents in Lira City. Three hypotheses were posted to explore the effects of competitive strategies on performance of SMEs. The study was structural equation Modeling (SME) for analysis. The result indicated that cost leadership strategies positively and significantly influence performance of SMEs in Lira City. Recommendations arising from the study are that SMEs should adopt competitive strategies particularly cost leadership strategies, as it shown to enhance productivity leading to better performance. This finding is in agreement with Porter (2000) who argued that higher performance would be attained if affirm is a leader in term of low cost. In conclusion, cost leadership has a significant influence on performance of SMEs while product differentiation and market focus have no significant influence on financial performance of SMEs.
Reward System and Performance of Employees in Dokolo District Local Government
(Lira University, 2021) Odiambo, David; Hasahya, Nathan Hagobi; Ojuka, Edward
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of reward systems on employee performance in Dokolo District Local Government. Specifically, the study sought to: determine the effect of promotion on employee performance, establish the effect of giving awards on employee performance and examine the effect of emolument on employee performance in Dokolo District Local Government. Methods: The study employed a cross sectional research design; employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches from a sample size of 94 respondents that was drawn using the Krejcie & Morgan (1970) method. The study used a questionnaire and an interview guide as research techniques to collect quantitative and qualitative data from primary and secondary sources. Reliability and validity tests were determined using KMO, Barllet’s test of sphericity and Cronbach’s Alpha to ensure quality control. Quantitative data analysis was done using SPSS package version 23 where univariate and multivariate analysis was carried out while thematic and content analysis was employed to analyze qualitative data. Findings: The study revealed that promotion and emolument was positively associated with employee performance while giving awards had a low impact (Mean=2.419). on the level of employee performance, the study revealed that employees’ performance in attendance (mean-4.11) and timely reporting (mean=3.45) was high while service delivery (mean=2.31) and accountability (mean=2.19) registered low level of performance. On the effect of reward systems, the findings of the study revealed a positive significant effect of promotion (coef. 0.360, p<0.05), giving award (coef. 0.302, p<0.05) and emolument (coef. 0.314, p<0.05) on employee performance in Dokolo District Local Government. Finally, the results of multiple linear regression yielded an adjusted R square value of 0.557, which implied that jointly, rewards system (promotion, emoluments) contributed about 55.7% variation in employee performance in Dokolo District Local Government. Conclusions: Based on the above findings, the study concluded that promotion, emolument and giving awards are very instrumental in improving employee performance in Dokolo District Local Government (contradiction: you said giving awards was not). Recommendations: The study therefore recommended that Dokolo District Local Government should use promotion, giving awards and emolument to improve employee performance since the study has found out that they all improve performance.
Procurement Process Management and Contract Performance. Case Study: Kotido District Local Government
(Lira University, 2021) Ojuk, Denis; Opio, Peter Ocheng; Kumakech, Edward
The main objective of the study was to determine the effect of procurement process Management on the contract’s performance in building construction work, Kotido District Local Government. The study was conducted on procurement process Management to examine the effects of Procurement Planning Supplier Selection process and Contract management on Contract Performance. Cross Sectional research survey design was used in executing the study. The targeted group of the study was: Heads of Department, Evaluation Committee, Political and Technical Staff, Constructors, primary school headteachers and In-charges health facilities as the beneficiaries of the service. These were the entire group of interest for the study population of 150 of which, a sample size of 109 was selected for the study that formed part of research respondents. Accordingly, purposive and simple random sampling was used to reach the respondents. Quotatives data were collected using self-administered questionnaire, and qualitative data were collected using interviewer-administered interview guide. Bi-viriate analysis was done to establish the correlation between variables. Finding showed that, there was a positive correlation (rho = .360) between supply selection management and contract performance and a strong positive correlation (rho = .515) between contract management and contract performance. Multi-viriate/regression analysis was used to examine a significant relationship between procurement process management and contracts performance. ANOVA/Regression mode of contract was found to be significant at (F = 7.085, p<.01). Therefore, it was a significant positive correlation between procurement planning, Supplier Selection process Management and Contract management with Adjusted R being 17.2%. Implying that, the overall model was significant. Conclusion, Procurement Planning, Supplier Selection Process management and Contract management was crucial in contract performance due to their significant effects and relationship on contracts management in Kotido District Local Government. Recommendations: continuous training of human resources in procurement management, strict adherence to code of conduct in the procurement practice, requirements regarding personnel and equipment be included earlier in standard bid document to avoid conflict of interest during supplier selection, emphasis on monitoring supervisory works to identify causes of shoddy works at an early stage and lastly, policy implementation, performance and quality assurance team be instituted for purposes of feedback on procurement process management on contract performance.
Internal control system and health service delivery in district local governments of Lango sub region in northern Uganda: A case of lira district local government
(Lira University, 2021) Bua, Lydia; Hagobi, Nathan Hasahya; Oguti, Robert Etengu
Background: The purpose of this study was to empirically document the effect of internal control system on health service delivery in Uganda using Lira District Local Government as a case study. Precisely, the study established the effect of control environment on health service delivery in Lira District Local Government, assessed the effect of risk assessment on health service delivery in Lira District Government, and examined THE effect of control activities on health service delivery in Lira District Local Government. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design which made use of primary data sourced suing a self-administered questionnaire. Data was collected from a sample of 90 respondents extracted from a sample size of 130 using a self-administered questionnaire. The researcher used purposive and simple random sampling to select the respondents. The data was analysed in terms of descriptive statistics, correlations and regressions. Findings: The findings of the study revealed a significant relationship between control environment and health service delivery (an adjusted R2 value of about 20% with a p-value <0.05 at the 95% significance level). Secondly, the effect of risk assessment on health service delivery produces an adjusted R2 OF ABOUT 20%. In addition, the result from the ANOVA table exhibited a significant linear relationship [F (1, 88) = 10.654, p < 0.05] which meant that the relationship was significant. Thirdly, the results on effect of control activities on health service delivery produced an adjusted R2 of about 29% and further revealed that the relationship was significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, control environment significant affects health service delivery, assessment of risk performed in Lira District Local Government enhanced quality of health service delivered in the district and control activities significantly affect health service delivery in Lira District Local Government. Recommendations: The study recommended that there is need to improve the current control environment aimed at improving health service delivery, management of lira district local government should also start thinking in terms of incorporating information technology (IT) in their risk assessment processes so as to enable accurate risk assessment and finally, the researcher also recommends a through review of the existing controls with the aimed of strengthening then though policy implementation because their apparent contribution towards health service delivery is based on the results of the multivariate analysis is relatively low compared to the results from prior studies. Keywords: Internal control system, health service delivery
Family Business Management and Business Performance in Lira City-Northern Uganda
(Lira University, 2021) Ogweng, Lawrence; Ejang, Mary; Acanga, Alfred;
Background: This study examined the relationship between family business management and the performance of family businesses in Lira City. The study objectives were; to analyze the influence of goal setting and visioning on family business performance in Lira City, to assess the influence of governance structure on family business performance in Lira City, to analyze the influence of professional management on family business performance in Lira City and to examine the role of management control systems in business performance in Lira City. There was evidence from literature that family businesses in Uganda and therefore Lira City are characterized by low profits, low share in the market and low productivity, leading to high rate of failure at over 26% annually. Methods: A cross sectional design based on a mixed method was used. The study used stratified and simple random sampling to sample 123 out of 135 family businesses and the response rate was 96 percent. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guide. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, correlation and linear regression models were used to assess the role of family business management on performance. Findings: The regression results indicated that: goal setting and visioning and management control systems had a positive and significant influence on performance of family business, governance structure had a significant negative influence on family business performance and professional management did not have a significant influence on family business performance. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a significant relationship between family business management and business performance in Lira city. Recommendations: the study recommends that; policy makers should provide for capacity building of family business managers on management control systems as an aspect of family business internal characteristic that improves performance, policy makers should come out with guiding principles and strategies to ensure that all family businesses have well documented goals and visions, business owners should refine the clan and social structures that have been ident
Lending “Terms, Conditions” and Financial Performance of Small Medium Enterprises in Lira Municipality
(Lira University, 2021) Ojok, Jolly Joe; Ojuka, Edward; Apio, Sarah Okite
Background: The study sought to establish the effect of lending terms and conditions on the financial performance of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Lira Municipality. The specific objectives were to ascertain SME’s perception of lending terms and conditions offered by financial institutions; determine the effect of lending terms and conditions on the key financial performance of SMEs and to assess the level of financial performance of SMEs in Lira Municipality. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional research design. Purposive and simple random sampling procedures were used to select the respondents. The study considered a sample of 198 respondents which included managers and accountants that represented selected SMEs. Scientific package for social scientists (SPSS v 23) was used for data analysis. Findings: The findings indicated that SMEs have a negative perception towards lending terms and conditions, borrowing cost, collateral, and loan duration predicted approximately 56.5%, 35%, and 8.5% respectively. Collectively, these measures of lending terms accounted for 60.7% variations in financial performance. While collateral and borrowing costs were significant predictors of the financial performance of SMEs in Lira Municipality, loan duration was not. Conclusions: The study has significance because it can aid policy-makers in the formulation of policies, which can be effectively implemented for better and easier regulation of SMEs. Further, ROA was revealed as a better indicator of financial performance than ROE and profitability
Internal Control System and Financial Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Lira City
(Lira University, 2021) Odyek, Evelyn Ruth; Etengu, Robert Oguti
This study sought to examine the effect of internal control system on the financial performance of small and medium enterprise in Lira City. Much as Uganda is renowned internationally for its entrepreneurial flair and is ranked as one of the most entrepreneurial nations not only in Africa, but in the world (GEM Report,2004), it is puzzling to note that there is remarkably high failure rate of SMEs in Uganda and hence suggesting these enterprises rarely grow to their full potential (Hatega, 2007); The specific objective of the study was to examine the effect of control environment, risk assessment and control activities on the financial performance of small and medium enterprise in Lira City. The study employed cross-sectional survey research design. The target population for this study comprised 100 managers and owners of small and medium enterprises in the service sector in Lira City. A comprehensive self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary dat. This was supplemented with the use of interview guide. The quantitative data collected using the questionnaire was coded to facilitate analysis using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) Version 23 in form of descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics involved the use of frequencies, means, standard deviations and coefficient of variation. Inferential statistics involved the use of both correlation and regression analysis. The findings of the study revealed a significant effect of control environment (β =0.717, p < 0.05), risk assessment (β = 0.559, p < 0.05), and the control activities (β =0.756, p < 0.05) on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Lira City. The study is insightful in evaluating the effect of internal control system on performance. The study recommends for the strengthening of the risk assessment processes in small and medium enterprises in Lira City given the role it plays in highlighting firm-level inherent and control risks that amount to material misstatement in financial statements.
Accounting information system quality and Financial performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Lira City
(Lira University, 2021) Opio, Kenneth; Oguti, Robert Etengu
Background: The quality of the accounting information system that affirm has would affect the financial performance. This study examined the effect of accounting information system quality on the financial performance of small and medium enterprise in Lira City as a case study. Specifically, the study looked at the effect of data quality, information quality and service quality on the financial performance of SMEs in Lira City. Using a sample of 100 managers and owners drawn from a population of 117 SMEs of SMEs in Lira City, the study attempts to achieve three objectives. The first objective is to examine the effect of data quality on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Lira City. The second objective is empirically to examine the effect of information quality on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Lira City. The final objective is to empirically evaluate the effect of service quality on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Lira City. Methods: The study adopted a cross- sectional survey design and employed quantitative approach. The data collected was tested for validity and reliability and analyzed using SPSS version 23in form of descriptive statistics, correlations and regressions. Results: The findings of the study revealed firstly, that data quality has a positive significant effect (Adjusted R square = 33%, P < 0.05) on the financial performance of the SMEs in Lira City. Secondly information quality had a positive significant effect (Adjusted R squire = 36%, P > 0.05) on the financial performance of the SMEs in Lira City. Thirdly, the examination of the effect of service quality on the financial performance of SMEs in Lira City revealed a positive and statistically significant effect (Adjusted R square = 51%, P < 0.05). Recommendations: Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that all SMEs should adopt accounting information system in order to ensure correctness in their financial reporting and this would enhance their financial performance. The government and policy makers should come up with policies and guidelines that will facilitate the implementation of these systems in SMEs. Keywords: Accounting information system quality, Financial performance, Small and Medium Enterprises, Lira City
Leadership Styles and Academic Performance of Pupils in Government Aided Primary Schools in Kwania District
(Lira university, 2021) Eluk, Denis; Nsisi, Christine; Okello, Tom Richard
The study established the relationship between leadership styles on academic performance of pupils in government aided primary schools in Kwania District, determining the effect of democratic authoritarian and Laissez-faire leadership styles on academic performance of pupils in government aided primary school in Kwania District. The study employed a cross-sectional design with mixed approach (quantitative and qualitative methods) in the investigation. Key information interview was used to collect qualitative data from key District education officials of Kwania. Data was analyzed inform of descriptive statistics, Peason correlation and robust regression. The result indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between Democratic leadership style and academic performance of pupils in Kwania District evidenced by the P-value (sig=0.00) being less than 0.05 level of significance further contributing 0.488 (48.8%) to academic performance of pupils in Kwania, that there is a moderate positive significant relationship between authoritarian leadership style and performance of pupils in Kwania District evidenced by the p-value (sig.=0.00) being less than 0.05 level of significance, contributing 0.378 (37.8%) to performance of pupils in Kwania while there is a negative relationship between Laissez-faire leadership and performance of pupil in Kwania evidenced by the p-value (sig. = 0.214), it contributes -0.069 (-6.9%)to performance of pupils in Kwania. Recommendations arising from the study are that head teachers of school need to be encouraged to adopt a combination of leadership styles for an improved academic performance to be realized. Strict enforcement of District policies to ensure the headteachers remain at school
Management Styles and Employee Performance Among Small and Medium Enterprise in Lira City, Uganda: A Case Study of Ngetta Tropical Holdings LTD
(Lira University, 2021) Apio, Brenda Caroline; Nsisi, Christine
This study sought to establish the management styles and employee Performance at Ngetta Tropical Holdings in Lira City. The study was guided by three objectives namely: to identify the management style employed by managers at Ngetta Tropical Holdings to assess the level of employee performance of employees at Ngetta Tropical Holdings, to determine the relationship between Management style and employee performance of employees at Ngetta Tropical Holdings. Literature was reviewed in line with the specific objectives. The study used a cross sectional descriptive survey design which employed a quantitative approach. The study targeted a population of approximately 150 employees with a sample size of 108 (Morgan and Krejcie, 1970), simple random sampling was used on 104 employees and purposive sampling was used(managers). Data was collected using a closed ended 5-point likert scale questionnaire on both managers and employees. The validity of the instrument was tested using content validity and validity index of 0.8 was obtained and reliability of the instrument was found to be 0.71 reliable. Data was analyzed descriptively for objective one and two and Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship that exists between the variables. Response rate of the respondents was found to be 100%, The Demographic characteristics of the respondents reviled there were more female (50.9%) than males, with the highest percentage being youth (36.1%) aged between 25-35, majority of the respondents were diploma holders (31.5%) though other level were represented. Of the respondents the greatest number were casual employees (60.2%) and most of the respondents had working experience of 5-10 years (42.6%). All styles were employed but with varying percentages: Autocratic management style (mean3.31), Democratic (mean 3.29) and Liasefaire (3.14). While performance was slightly high; time management (mean 3.84), productivity (mean 3.32), Efficiency (mean 3.42), and correlation (r=0.042) The finding revealed that the most employed management style was Autocratic, though Democratic style was also used besides, however Liaise faire was used at a minimum level. The level of employee performance was revealed to be high. There was also a strong positive relationship between the variables. It was recommended that managers employ the various styles accordingly in order to enhance employee performance
Reward practices and Health Service Delivery in Government Health Facilities in Kwania District
(Lira University, 2021) Opio, Moses; Okello, Tom Richard; Agweta, Cosmas
Background: Poor health service delivery often results to immense suffering by the population, causing prolonged morbidity and death as a consequence. Using cross-sectional design, the study explored the effects of reward practices on health service delivery in government health facilities in Kwania District with the objectives; to examine the level of health service delivery, explore the effects of extrinsic reward practices on service delivery and access effects on intrinsic reward practices on service delivery in health facilities in Kwania District. Methods: The study adopted a mixed approach and used questionnaire with a five-point likert scale type questions that measured the responses of 132 health workers and an interview guide was used to collect qualitative data from key district officials of Kwania. The theoretical model was deduced using rewards systems paradigm of literature. Data was analyzed in form of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and robust regression using strata version 15 (strataCorp, college station, TX, USA). Findings: The study found that there was a positive correlation between extrinsic rewards and service delivery (r=0.126, p value>0.005) and that only intrinsic reward is significantly related with service delivery (r=0.26, p Value>0.005). Multiple regression showed that only intrinsic reward is significantly related with service delivery (β=0.169, P Value>0.00). The coefficient of determinants (R2 was only 0.062). rewards system (RS) is positively related to service delivery. However, increase in intrinsic rewards significantly increases health service delivery in Kwania District. Recommendations: Therefore, the ministry of health and Kwania District Local Government should support career growth initiatives such as supporting its staff to go for further studies to acquire knowledge necessary to deal with the current trend of diseases, strengthen internal promotion and support career development needs of its health workers.
Determination of Women Engagement in Entrepreneurship: A Case study of Packwach District of North -Western Uganda
(Lira University, 2021) Abyeto, Stella; Agweta, Cosmas; Jehopio, Peter Jegrace
This study sought to establish the determinants of women engagement in entrepreneurship in Packwach District, North -Western Uganda. The study employed a cross- sectional design with quantitative method of data analysis to achieve its objectives. The researcher Collected data by using a structured questionnaire that measured the responses of 375 women entrepreneurs in Pakwach District. Three research questions were posited to explore the determinant of woman engagement in entrepreneurship in Pakawach District. The study moved structural equation modeling (SEM) and descriptive statistics for statistical data analysis. the structural equation modeling results indicated that support from financial institutions (β =-0.636, p<0.001); support from government (β=0.545, p<0.015); support from family and community (β=0.546, p<0.033); were the determinants of woman engagement in entrepreneurship in Pakwach District. The study recommended that government should better further policies that support woman engagement in entrepreneurship and such policies should also regulate financial institutions favour this course.
Financial Management Practices and the Growth of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Uganda: A Case of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Lira City
(Lira University, 2021) Aonyi, Robert; Etengu, Robert Oguti; Okite, Sarah Apio
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of financial management practices on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Uganda focusing on small and medium-sized enterprises in Lira City as a case study. Specifically, the study sought to: determine the effect of working capital management on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lira City, establish the effect of the investment decision on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lira City and examine the effect of financing decision on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lira City. The target population for the study was 358 SMEs in the two divisions of Lira City. The study sample comprised of 235 representatives of SMEs in Lira City Methods: Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis. Findings: The findings of the study revealed a positive significant effect of working capital management on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lira City (coef. 0.437, p <0.01). Secondly, the results on the effect of financing decision on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lira City further revealed a positive significant effect (coef. 0.308, p <0.01). Thirdly, the effect of investment decision on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lira City was found to be negative and insignificant (coef. -0.031, >0.01). Finally, the results of multiple linear regression yielded an adjusted R square value of 0.462, which meant that the financial management practices contribute about 46% to the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lira City. Recommendations: Based on the above findings, the study recommends that owners and managers of SMEs should put more emphasis on working capital management and the financing decision to improve on the growth of their firms.
Functional Adult Literacy and Vocational Training: Women's Opportunity for Socio-Economic Development in Uganda. A Case Study of Apac District-Northern Uganda
(2021) Akello, Judith Abal; Bohlinger, Sandra
The study was about women's opportunity for socio-economic development based on their experiences on Functional Adult Literacy (FAL) and integrated vocational training in Apac District-Northern Uganda. The main objective of this study was to explore whether and how women participants in Apac District derived socio-economic benefits from FAL as well as integrated vocational training. The study was informed by agency theory from Freire's literacy theory and Kabeer's socio-economic perspective which contend on the component of awareness or by making marginalised non-literate's agents of socio-economic development. These theories helped to explore and establish the socio-economic transformation experienced by women as a result of their participation in FAL in addition to integrated vocational training. These transformations were captured by comparing the kinds of life led by the women prior to and after FAL and integrated vocational training, in terms of participating in communities, family settings, awareness on the value of training and participating on income generating group projects. The study mainly used qualitative case study research design focusing on the experiences of 35 participants both in the rural and urban setting. Using Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews, this study revealed the conditions of women before and after benefiting from FAL with integrated vocational skills. The findings of this study inductively generated from the participants revealed that women who acquired FAL in addition to integrated vocational skills significantly transformed their socio-economic lives. Opportunity for FAL and integrated vocational training improved women's daily lives in terms of confidence to participate in community undertakings and local council leadership. In addition, the women became self-employed, profited from income generating group projects, made re-investments of savings from the income generated. In turn, the well-being for themselves and their families greatly improved. Therefore, the study recommends that the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD) which coordinates FAL training in Uganda along with other departments, such as international partners, NGO's and civil society organisations should prioritise, support and strengthen the FAL learning with integrated vocational training policies. [The research was funded by DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service).]
Financial accountability and service delivery in Regional Referral Hospitals in Uganda: A case of Lira Regional Referral Hospital
(Lira University, 2021) Abdul, Geroge; Oguti, Robert Etengu; Ejang, Mary
This study sought to assess the effect of financial accountability on service delivery in referral hospitals of Uganda focusing on Lira Regional Referral Hospital as a case study. The objectives of the study were: To establish the effects of budgeting practices on service delivery in Lira Regional Referral Hospitals; To determine the effect of financial reporting on service delivery in Lira Regional Referral Hospital; and to examine the effect of auditing practices on service delivery in Lira Regional Referral Hospital. The study used the agency theory. In order to provide an understanding of the research problems, the study used a cross-sectional survey design and applied quantitative approach methods. The study population was 160 respondents comprising of employees and a few selected patients. Data for the study was obtained essentially from primary sources (questionnaire and interview findings). The result from the quantitative analysis informs of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to confirm the findings and enhance the interpretation of the results from the quantitative analysis. The findings revealed that budgeting practices and financial reporting are not significant predicators of service delivery; suggesting that these practices are perhaps critical in the delivery of services at the regional referral Hospital. However, auditing practices was significant in explaining the level of service delivery in the regional referral hospital. The study recommends for a deliberate government policy to encourage civil servants in the health sector to take issues of budgeting and financial reporting very seriously and where need be there capacity should be developed so as to ensure health services are delivered efficiently and effectively.
Financial Rewards and Employee Commitment in Local Governments in Uganda: A Case Study of Apac Municipal Council
(2021) Opio, Gerald; Akello, Judith Abal
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of financial rewards on employee commitment of employees in Apac Municipal Council. The specific objectives of the study were as follows: to determine the effect of financial rewards on affective commitment of employees in Apac Municipal Council; to assess the effect of financial rewards on normative commitment of employees in Apac Municipal Council; to assess the effect of financial rewards on continuance of commitment of employees in Apac Municipal Council. The sample size of the study was 135 which comprised of 132 teachers, Municipal Education Officer, Senior Inspector of Schools, and inspector of schools. Primary data was collected using the questionnaire method while secondary data was collected through documentary review. The data obtained was processed using statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) and was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The analyzed data was presented using graphs, charts and tables. Results indicate that there was a fairly positive significant relationship between financial rewards and affective commitment (r=0.506, p<0.05), moderately significant relationship between financial rewards and normative commitment (r=0.307, p<0.05) and moderately positive significant relationship between financial rewards and continuance commitment (r=0.346, p< 0.05). The study found out that financial rewards had a positive significant effect on affective commitment (coef. 0.513, p<0.05), normative commitment (coef. 0.306, p<0.05) and continuance commitment (coef. 0.433, p<0.05) of employees in Apac Municipal Council. The study recommended that Apac Municipal Council should carry out salary reviews in order to develop a reward management structure that is externally competitive, internally fair and consistent with the current acceptable international rates. It was also recommended that the top management in Apac Municipal Council should encourage employees to participate in decision making and they should implement employees’ decisions.
Internal Control System and Financial Accountability in District Local Government of Lango Sub-Region: A case of Lira District Local Government
(Lira University, 2021) Atimango, Silvia; Etengu, Robert Oguti
This study examined the effect of internal control system on financial accountability in district local governments of Lango Sub- Region focusing on Lira District Local Government as case study. Specifically, the study determined the effect of control activities on financial accountability in Lira District Local Government, ascertained the effect of control environment of financial accountability in Lira District Local Government. The study adapted a descriptive research design and employed both qualitive and quantitative approaches to collect and process data. The study considered staff in the four divisions and the eight sub counties of Lira District Local government. A sample of 112 respondents was selected from a population of 156 respondents using both simple and random purposive sampling techniques. The researcher collected quantitative data using the questionnaire method and qualitative data using interview methods. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analyses. The qualitative data from the interviews were categorized and presented as direct verbatim. The findings revealed positive and significant effect of control environment and monitoring controls on financial accountability while control activities had negative and insignificant effect on financial accountability in Lira District Local Government. The study concluded that internal control system account for 55% of the Virat ions in financial accountability in Lira District Local Government should take their supervisory role seriously and ensure cross checking all transactions for accurate reporting. Lira District Local Government emphasize on ensuring that the control activities of the local government council are carried out in accordance with established standards to improve financial accountability.
Microfinance Loans and Performance of Small and Medium Size Enterprises A Case Study of Lira City
(Lira University, 2021) Akite, Magdalene; Akello, Judith Abal; Opio, Bonny Charles
The study examined microfinance loans and performance of small and medium size enterprises in Lira City. SMEs in Lira City have created employment; it is a source of income and reduced poverty. SMEs have continued to decline for several factors like limited loan amount, short loan period, untimely disbursement of loans and high interest rates on loans from the microfinance institutions. The study was conducted in Lira City. The overall objectives of the study was to examine Microfinance loans and performance of small and medium size Enterprises in Lira City. The study used questionnaires and interviews as methods of data collection and the design used was causal research designs using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results showed that there was low Level of low accessibility by SMEs In Lira City. There is low level of Performance of SMEs in Lira City and Microfinance (loan amount, loan interest, timeliness of loan disbursement and the loan period) contribute to performance of SMEs in Lira City. Loan amount contributes 20.2% to Performance of SMEs in Lira City. Loan interest contributes 13.6% to Performance of SMEs in Lira City. Timely loan disbursement contributes 2.9% to Performance of SMEs in Lira City and loan period contribute 41.5% to Performance of SMEs in Lira City. The conclusion is that Microfinance loans contributes of SMEs in Lira City. MFIs should increase provision of non-financial services for SMEs such as trainings on managerial skills to enhance entrepreneurial capability, savings and insurance so as to improve on their performance. MFIs to revise their policies on loan period which contributes 41.5% to performance to a longer period compared to the 12 months to enable these enterprises perform. MFIs should increase the amount of loan given to SMEs which is very crucial in their performance in Lira City. Further study ought to be led on how best SMEs can utilization of financing by equity, for example, Venture Capital, Business Angels and government funding to SMEs in Lira City. It is also important for future studies to be carried out on the impact of Microfinance Loans on the growth of SMEs in Lira City

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