Theses and Dissertations

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Contribution of Village Saving and Loan Association (VSLA) to Household Welfare Improvement in Bala Sub-County, Kole District, Uganda
(Lira University, 2021) Ocen, Tom; Akello, Judith Abal
The study was conducted to examine the effect of VSLA loan activities on poverty reduction in Bala Sub-County. Specifically, the study examined the effect of lending modality on the household welfare improvement in Bala Sub-County, assessed the effect of financial literacy on the household improvement in Bala Sub-County and assessed the effect of small business financing on the household welfare improvement in Bala Sub-County. The study employed cross sectional design and the approaches used were both quantitative and qualitative; the sample size of the study population was 110 respondents comprising of members of VSLA in Bala Sub-County, the District Commercial Officer and Community Development Officer. From the target population of 110, a sample size of 86 respondents was determined using Krejcie and Morgan. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were applied to sample the respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative primary data while interview guide and Focus Group Discussion was employed to collect qualitative data. Data analysis was done using the help of the SPSS version 23. Correlation coefficient was used to test the strength and the direction of the relationship between the variables. The findings of the study revealed that household welfare was positively and significantly correlated with lending modality, financial literacy and small business financing. Finally, the results of the regression revealed that VSLA lending modality, financial literacy and small business financing all had a positive significant effect on the level of household welfare hence poverty reduction among members of VSLA in Bala Sub-County. Based on the findings, the study concluded that all the credit activities of the VSLA that were studied by the researcher affect the level of household welfare among the members of the VSLA in Bala Sub-County. The study therefore recommended that government should support the VSLA activities as it is playing a big role in reducing the level of poverty among the poor people at the grassroot level who can not access credit facilities from the formal financial institutions in Uganda.
Financial Rewards and Employee Commitment in Local Governments in Uganda: A Case Study of Apac Municipal Council
(2021) Opio, Gerald; Akello, Judith Abal
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of financial rewards on employee commitment of employees in Apac Municipal Council. The specific objectives of the study were as follows: to determine the effect of financial rewards on affective commitment of employees in Apac Municipal Council; to assess the effect of financial rewards on normative commitment of employees in Apac Municipal Council; to assess the effect of financial rewards on continuance of commitment of employees in Apac Municipal Council. The sample size of the study was 135 which comprised of 132 teachers, Municipal Education Officer, Senior Inspector of Schools, and inspector of schools. Primary data was collected using the questionnaire method while secondary data was collected through documentary review. The data obtained was processed using statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) and was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The analyzed data was presented using graphs, charts and tables. Results indicate that there was a fairly positive significant relationship between financial rewards and affective commitment (r=0.506, p<0.05), moderately significant relationship between financial rewards and normative commitment (r=0.307, p<0.05) and moderately positive significant relationship between financial rewards and continuance commitment (r=0.346, p< 0.05). The study found out that financial rewards had a positive significant effect on affective commitment (coef. 0.513, p<0.05), normative commitment (coef. 0.306, p<0.05) and continuance commitment (coef. 0.433, p<0.05) of employees in Apac Municipal Council. The study recommended that Apac Municipal Council should carry out salary reviews in order to develop a reward management structure that is externally competitive, internally fair and consistent with the current acceptable international rates. It was also recommended that the top management in Apac Municipal Council should encourage employees to participate in decision making and they should implement employees’ decisions.
Functional Adult Literacy and Vocational Training: Women's Opportunity for Socio-Economic Development in Uganda. A Case Study of Apac District-Northern Uganda
(2021) Akello, Judith Abal; Bohlinger, Sandra
The study was about women's opportunity for socio-economic development based on their experiences on Functional Adult Literacy (FAL) and integrated vocational training in Apac District-Northern Uganda. The main objective of this study was to explore whether and how women participants in Apac District derived socio-economic benefits from FAL as well as integrated vocational training. The study was informed by agency theory from Freire's literacy theory and Kabeer's socio-economic perspective which contend on the component of awareness or by making marginalised non-literate's agents of socio-economic development. These theories helped to explore and establish the socio-economic transformation experienced by women as a result of their participation in FAL in addition to integrated vocational training. These transformations were captured by comparing the kinds of life led by the women prior to and after FAL and integrated vocational training, in terms of participating in communities, family settings, awareness on the value of training and participating on income generating group projects. The study mainly used qualitative case study research design focusing on the experiences of 35 participants both in the rural and urban setting. Using Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews, this study revealed the conditions of women before and after benefiting from FAL with integrated vocational skills. The findings of this study inductively generated from the participants revealed that women who acquired FAL in addition to integrated vocational skills significantly transformed their socio-economic lives. Opportunity for FAL and integrated vocational training improved women's daily lives in terms of confidence to participate in community undertakings and local council leadership. In addition, the women became self-employed, profited from income generating group projects, made re-investments of savings from the income generated. In turn, the well-being for themselves and their families greatly improved. Therefore, the study recommends that the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD) which coordinates FAL training in Uganda along with other departments, such as international partners, NGO's and civil society organisations should prioritise, support and strengthen the FAL learning with integrated vocational training policies. [The research was funded by DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service).]
Internal Control System and Revenue Collection in Local Governments A Case Study of Lira District Local Government
(Lira University, 2021) Okidi, Mike; Akello, Judith Abal; Opio, Bonny Charles
The study assessed the effect of internal control system on revenue collection in lira district local government. The main objective was to assess the effects of internal control system with emphasis on control environment, control activities and monitoring of controls on revenue collection. Specific objectives were to: examine the influence of control environment on revenue collection; assess the effect of control activities on revenue collection; and determine the effects of monitoring on revenue collection. The research adopted cross-sectional research design with descriptive and quantitative approaches., and employed both primary and secondary method of data collection with 93 respondents selected from the population of district staffs and executives. To determine the reliability of research instruments a pilot study was conducted before the actual data collection and further split half method was carried out to calculate Cronbach alpha. A value of above 0.899 was obtained and confirmed the reliability of the research instruments. The data was analyzed using both inferential (multiple regression and correlation) and descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation) and was presented by use of tables and charts. The study findings indicated that that control environment and monitoring has no significant effect on revenue collection (coefficient=0.542, p=0.005). The study recommends that, Lira district local government should ensure compliance with laws, regulations and operational controls in their internal control systems. Finally, there is need to avail competent internal and external professionals who have responsibilities of making an effective and efficient control environment as well as ensure effective control activities in their institution
Microfinance Loans and Performance of Small and Medium Size Enterprises A Case Study of Lira City
(Lira University, 2021) Akite, Magdalene; Akello, Judith Abal; Opio, Bonny Charles
The study examined microfinance loans and performance of small and medium size enterprises in Lira City. SMEs in Lira City have created employment; it is a source of income and reduced poverty. SMEs have continued to decline for several factors like limited loan amount, short loan period, untimely disbursement of loans and high interest rates on loans from the microfinance institutions. The study was conducted in Lira City. The overall objectives of the study was to examine Microfinance loans and performance of small and medium size Enterprises in Lira City. The study used questionnaires and interviews as methods of data collection and the design used was causal research designs using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results showed that there was low Level of low accessibility by SMEs In Lira City. There is low level of Performance of SMEs in Lira City and Microfinance (loan amount, loan interest, timeliness of loan disbursement and the loan period) contribute to performance of SMEs in Lira City. Loan amount contributes 20.2% to Performance of SMEs in Lira City. Loan interest contributes 13.6% to Performance of SMEs in Lira City. Timely loan disbursement contributes 2.9% to Performance of SMEs in Lira City and loan period contribute 41.5% to Performance of SMEs in Lira City. The conclusion is that Microfinance loans contributes of SMEs in Lira City. MFIs should increase provision of non-financial services for SMEs such as trainings on managerial skills to enhance entrepreneurial capability, savings and insurance so as to improve on their performance. MFIs to revise their policies on loan period which contributes 41.5% to performance to a longer period compared to the 12 months to enable these enterprises perform. MFIs should increase the amount of loan given to SMEs which is very crucial in their performance in Lira City. Further study ought to be led on how best SMEs can utilization of financing by equity, for example, Venture Capital, Business Angels and government funding to SMEs in Lira City. It is also important for future studies to be carried out on the impact of Microfinance Loans on the growth of SMEs in Lira City
Revenue Collection and Service Delivery in Works Department of Amolatar District Local Government
(Lira University, 2022) Were, Mathias; Akello, Judith Abal
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of revenue collection on service delivery in Uganda focusing on employees in Amolatar District Local Government. Specifically, the study sought to: examine the sources of revenue collection in Amolatar District, assess the level of service delivery in Amolatar District and to examine the relationship between revenue collection and service delivery in Amolatar District Local Government. Methods: The study employed the cross-sectional research design; employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches from a sample size of 113 respondents that was drawn using the Krejcie & Morgan (1970). The study used questionnaires and interview guide as research techniques to collect quantitative and qualitative data from primary and secondary sources. Quantitative data analysis was done using the SPSS package version 23 while thematic and content analysis was employed to analyse qualitative data. Findings: The study revealed that market dues, trading license and local service tax are all important sources of revenue. The study revealed that the level of quality and coverage of service delivery are above average while the timeliness of services is below average. Finally, the study indicated that market dues, trading license and local service tax are all positively associated with service delivery. Finally, the results of multiple linear regression yielded an adjusted R square value of 0.324, which implied that jointly, revenue collection contribute about 32.4% variation in service delivery in Amolatar District Local Government. Conclusions: Based on the above findings, the study concluded that Amolatar District Local Government should strengthen their effort and also come out with proper strategies of collecting revenue for those sources studied and leadership and the technocrats of Amolatar needs to a lot more in the area of timeliness of service provision in addition to quality and coverage of services. Recommendations: The study recommended that Amolatar District Local Government should come out with strategies of collecting revenue from all those sources which have been studied. Key words: Revenue Collection, and Service Delivery
Reward management and employee commitment in financial institutions in Uganda; A case of Postbank Uganda Limited, Loan department in Northern Uganda
(Lira University., 2023) Otyang, Bosco; Akello, Judith Abal
Background: This study examined the effect of reward management on the commitment of employees in Postbank Uganda Limited. Specifically, the study looked at the effect of career development, employee benefit and bonus pay on the commitment of employees in Postbank Uganda Limited loans department. Using a sample of 85 staff drawn from a population of 114 staff of Postbank Uganda Limited, the study attempts to archive the objective of assessing the effect of reward management on employee commitment in financial institutions in Uganda. Methods: The study adopted a crossed-sectional survey design and employed quantitative approach. The data collected was tested for validity and reliability and analysed using SPSS Version 23 in form of descriptive statistics, correlations, and regressions. Findings: The finings of the study revealed firstly, that career development had a positive significant effect (Adjusted R Square = 34.4%, p< 0.01) on employee commitment in Postbank Uganda Limited. Secondly, employee benefit had a positive significant effect (Adjusted R square = 27.3%, P > 0.01) On Commitment in Postbank Uganda Limited. Thirdly, the examination of the effect of bonus pay on employee commitment in Postbank Uganda Limited revealed a positive and statistically significant effect (Adjusted R Square = 37.4%, p< 0.01). Recommendations: Based on the findings of this study, it is recommenced that Post Bank Limited should adopt reward management practices in order to enhance their level of employee commitment. Key words: Reward management, Employee, Commitment, Financial institutions, Postbank, Loan department.
Solid Waste Management Practices and Sustainable Environmental Management: A Case Study of Lira City
(Lira University, 2022) Apili, Lillian Ocen; Akello, Judith Abal
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of commercial waste management practices. Specifically, the study sought to: explore commercial solid waste management practice in Lira City, assess the level of environmental sustainability of Lira City and to examine the effect of the effect of commercial solid waste management practices on environmental sustainability of Lira City. Methods: The study employed cross sectional research designed; employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches from sample size of 103 respondents that was drawn using Krejice & Mogan (1970). The study used questionnaires and interview guide as research techniques to collect quantitative and qualitative data from primary and secondary sources. Quantitative data analysis was done using SPSS package version 23while thematic and content analysis was employed to analyse qualitative data. Findings: The findings of the study revealed that waste compositing was the main way of managing solid waste by hotels and restaurants in Lira City. The study revealed that the level of environmental sustainability in Lira City was still below average as indicated by a Likert scale of 1-5 used by the researcher. Finally, the study indicated that the use of waste compositing and waste recycling to manage waste had a significant effect in Lira City. Conclusion: Based on the above findings, the concluded that commercial solid waste in Lira City was being managed by the use of compositing. Recommended: The study therefore recommended that commercial waste management in Lira City should be manage at the local government, company, and community levels so that everybody can be in position to manage. Keywords: Solid Waste, Management Practices, Sustainable, Environmental Management
Strategic Management Processes and Financial Performance of Agro Processing SMEs In Lira
(Lira University, 2022) Akidi, Shalom Okucu; Akello, Judith Abal; Nsisi, Christine
Background: This study sought to establish the contribution of strategic management processes on financial performance of Agro processing firm in Lira City. Specially, the study focused on establishing the effect of strategic formulation on the financial performance of agro processing firms in Lira City, assessing the effect of implementation on the financial performance of agro processing firm in Lira City and examining the effect of evaluation on the financial performance of agro processing firm in Lira City. Methods: The study targeted all agro processing SMEs in Lira City approximately 620 in number and it focused on the key stakeholders; the general manager, the accountant and the production manager of which 234 owners and managers were sampled using simple random sampling from the construction firms. The study employed multiple regression analysis to analyse contribution of strategic management processes on financial performance of agro processing firm in Lia City. Finding: The finding of the study revealed that evaluation and control (p<0.001, β=0.369), and strategic implementation (p<0.001, β=0.428) are significant predicators of SME Financial performance. However, jointly evaluation and control, strategic implementation and strategic formulation explain 37.8% variation of all the possible factors that are likely to account for SME Financial performance in Lira City (Adjusted R2 =0.378). Recommendations: The study recommends that the management of all SMEs to ensure that their organizations adopt strategic management process by carrying out accurate situation analysis, involvement of all level employees in strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation. Keywords: Strategic Management, Processes, Financial Performance, and Agro Processing SMEs
Tax Administration and Local Revenue Performances in Lira District Local Government
(Lira University, 2022) Otile, Milton; Akello, Judith Abal; Oguti, Robert Etengu
The study is to assess the effects of tax administration on Local performances in Lira district local government. The study’s objective were to asses the effect of tax identification on LDLG’s local revenue performances; and to assess the effect of tax collection procedures on LDLG’s local revenue performances. A descriptive study design and quantitative approach was used in the study. The study population was 65 people, and the sample size was 62 people, which was chosen using a purposive and random sampling technique. Key findings revealed that the effect of tax identification on local revenue performances in LDLG’s produced an adjusted R 2 of 0.587 which means that about 59% of the variations in Local Revenue performances can be explained by tax identification., the effect of tax assessment on local revenue performances in LDLG, the study produced an adjusted R 2 of 0.795 which means that about 80% of the variations in local revenue performances can be explained by tax assessment. The effect of tax collection procedures on local revenue performances in LDLG the study produced an adjusted R 2 of 0.721 which means that about 72% of the variations in local revenue performances can be explained by tax collection procedures. The study concluded that tax identification significantly affects local revenue performances, tax assessment significantly affects local revenue performances and tax collection procedures significantly affect local revenue performances. The study recommended Lira district local government to enhances its tax administrative policy specifically in tax identification, tax assessment and tax collect procedures, secondly LDLG should involve taxpayers more fully in the tax policy formulation process, restoring ownership and public confidences in the tax system. Keywords Tax Administration, Local Revenue Performances

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