Browsing by Author "Wakida, Edith K."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Caregiver’s perspectives on the Central Nervous System infection illness trajectory among older persons with dementia in Northern Uganda—a qualitative community‑based study
    (BMC Geriatrics, 2022) Benyumiza, Deo; Kumakech, Edward; Gutu, Jastine; Banihani, Jude; Mandap, Joshua; Talib, Zohray M.; Wakida, Edith K.; Maling, Samuel; Obua, Celestino
    Background: Few studies have explored the Central Nervous System (CNS) infection illness trajectory among older persons with dementia in sub-Saharan African (SSA) settings. This study explored the Caregiver’s perspectives on the Central Nervous System infection illness trajectory among the older persons with dementia in Northern Uganda. Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in Lira District northern Uganda in March 2022 amongst purposively selected 20 caregivers of the older persons aged 50 + years with a positive history of CNS infection and later life dementia. Data were collected using an in-depth interview guide. Audio recordings and field notes of the interviews were undertaken. The interviews generated data on the CNS infection illness trajectory from onset to the current demented state of the older persons. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim before manual reflective thematic analysis. Results: Older persons with a positive history of CNS infection illness and later life dementia in rural northern Uganda presented with symptoms of early life CNS infection illness ranging from neck pain, back pain, chronic headache, and fatigue. There were also manifestations of comorbidities particularly road traffic accidents involving traumatic injury to the head, neck, and spine, high blood pressure, chronic headache, and or their medications in the older person’s trajectory to later life dementia. A plurality of healthcare which included both formal and informal healthcare medicines was sought and utilized for the treatment and care of the CNS infection illness and dementia by the older persons amidst improper diagnosis and mismanagement. Conclusions and recommendations: Older persons with early-life CNS infections illness and later-life dementia were reported to present with symptoms including neck pain, back pain, chronic headache, high blood pressure, and fatigue. The reported symptoms of CNS infection illness may be intertwined with co-morbidities particularly traumatic injury involving the head, neck, and spine, high blood pressure, and chronic headache. Healthcare professionals should integrate routine screening of older persons for the history of CNS infections, chronic headache, high blood pressure, trauma to the head, neck, and spine, and dementia and early treatment
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Depression, suicidality, substance-use and associated factors among people living with HIV the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda
    (PLOS ONE, 2023) Rukundo, Godfrey Zari; Wakida, Edith K.; Karungi, Christine K.; Asasira, Jenipher; Kumakech, Edward; Obua, Celestino
    Background Mental disorders are common in people living with HIV (PLHIV) but they are often unrecog nized and untreated. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the already lim ited mental health services in low resource countries such as Uganda, and yet the extent to which the COVID-19 mitigation measures have affected the mental health of PLHIV is not fully known. We aimed to determine the burden of depression, suicidality, substance use and associated factors among adult PLHIV who were seeking care at two HIV clinics in northern and southwestern Uganda. Methods We conducted a phenomenological qualitative and quantitative cross-sectional study among 431 PLHIV to determine the burden of depression, suicidality and substance-use disorders at two HIV clinics, at Lira Regional Referral Hospital and Mbarara Regional Refer ral Hospital in northern and southwestern Uganda respectively, during the COVID-19 lock down. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess for depression and suicidality, and the Michigan Assessment-Screening Test for Alcohol and drugs (MAST-AD) to assess for substance use disorder. We conducted descriptive statistics analysis to deter mine the burden of the disorders, and logistic regression to determine the associated fac tors. For the qualitative method we conducted in-depth interviews with 30 PLHIV and did thematic analysis. Results Of the 431 PLHIV surveyed, mean age was 40.31 ± 12.20 years; 53.1% (n = 229) had depression; 22.0% (n = 95) had suicidality; and 15.1% (n = 65) had substance-use disorder. Female gender (PR = 1.073, 95%CI 1.004–1.148, P = 0.038), lack of formal education (PR0.859–0.994, P = 0.034) and suicidality (PR = 0.757, 95%CI 0.722–0.794, p = 0.000) were associated with depression after adjusting for confounders. Further analysis showed that being female (PR = 0.843, 95% CI 0.787–0.903, P = 0.000*) and having depression (PR = 0.927, 95% CI 0.876–0.981, P = 0.009) and owning a large business (PR = 0.886, 95% CI 0.834–0.941, p = 0.000*) were significantly associated with having a substance-use disor der. Only depression was independently associated with suicidality after adjusting for con founding factors (PR 0.108, 95%CI 0.054–0.218, p = 0.000*). For the qualitative results, there were three apriori themes: a) Burden of depression, b) substance-use, and c) suicidal ity among the PLHIV during the COVID-19 containment measures. Conclusion There was high prevalence of depression, suicidality and substance-use disorder in adult PLHIV in Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated lockdown measures. The three mental health problems seem to have bidirectional relationships and gender has a lot of contribution to the relationships. Interventions aimed at any of the disorders should consider these bidirectional relationships.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Depression, suicidality, substance-use and associated factors among people living with HIV the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda.
    (Plos one, 2023) Rukundo, Godfrey Zari; Wakida, Edith K.; Karungi, Christine K.; Asasira, Jenipher; Kumakech, Edward; Obua, Celestino
    Background Mental disorders are common in people living with HIV (PLHIV) but they are often unrecog nized and untreated. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the already lim ited mental health services in low resource countries such as Uganda, and yet the extent to which the COVID-19 mitigation measures have affected the mental health of PLHIV is not fully known. We aimed to determine the burden of depression, suicidality, substance use and associated factors among adult PLHIV who were seeking care at two HIV clinics in northern and southwestern Uganda. Methods We conducted a phenomenological qualitative and quantitative cross-sectional study among 431 PLHIV to determine the burden of depression, suicidality and substance-use disorders at two HIV clinics, at Lira Regional Referral Hospital and Mbarara Regional Refer ral Hospital in northern and southwestern Uganda respectively, during the COVID-19 lock down. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess for depression and suicidality, and the Michigan Assessment-Screening Test for Alcohol and drugs (MAST-AD) to assess for substance use disorder. We conducted descriptive statistics analysis to deter mine the burden of the disorders, and logistic regression to determine the associated fac tors. For the qualitative method we conducted in-depth interviews with 30 PLHIV and did thematic analysis. Results Of the 431 PLHIV surveyed, mean age was 40.31 ± 12.20 years; 53.1% (n = 229) had depression; 22.0% (n = 95) had suicidality; and 15.1% (n = 65) had substance-use disorder. Female gender (PR = 1.073, 95%CI 1.004–1.148, P = 0.038), lack of formal education (PR= 1.197, 95% CI 1.057–1.357, P = 0.005), substance-use disorder (PR = 0.924, 95%CI 0.859–0.994, P = 0.034) and suicidality (PR = 0.757, 95%CI 0.722–0.794, p = 0.000) were associated with depression after adjusting for confounders. Further analysis showed that being female (PR = 0.843, 95% CI 0.787–0.903, P = 0.000*) and having depression (PR = 0.927, 95% CI 0.876–0.981, P = 0.009) and owning a large business (PR = 0.886, 95% CI 0.834–0.941, p = 0.000*) were significantly associated with having a substance-use disor der. Only depression was independently associated with suicidality after adjusting for con founding factors (PR 0.108, 95%CI 0.054–0.218, p = 0.000*). For the qualitative results, there were three apriori themes: a) Burden of depression, b) substance-use, and c) suicidal ity among the PLHIV during the COVID-19 containment measures. Conclusion There was high prevalence of depression, suicidality and substance-use disorder in adult PLHIV in Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated lockdown measures. The three mental health problems seem to have bidirectional relationships and gender has a lot of contribution to the relationships. Interventions aimed at any of the disorders should consider these bidirectional relationships.