Glycaemic, blood pressure and lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol control among patients with diabetes mellitus in a specialised clinic in Botswana: a cross-sectional study
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Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
BMJ Open
Abstract
Objective Control of glycaemic, hypertension and lowdensity
lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) among patients
with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is vital for the
prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The current study
was an audit of glycaemic, hypertension and LDL-C control
among ambulant patients with T2DM in Botswana. Also,
the study aimed at assessing factors associated with
attaining optimal glycaemic, hypertension and LDL-C
therapeutic goals.
Design A cross-sectional study.
Setting A specialised public diabetes clinic in Gaborone,
Botswana.
Participants Patients with T2DM who had attended the
clinic for ≥3 months between August 2017 and February
2018.
Primary outcome measure The proportion of patients
with optimal glycaemic (HbA1c<7%), hypertension (blood
pressure <140/90 mm Hg) and LDL-C (<1.8 mmol/L)
control.
Results The proportions of patients meeting optimal
targets were 32.3% for glycaemic, 54.2% for hypertension
and 20.4% for LDL-C. Age≥ 50 years was positively
associated with optimal glycaemic control (adjusted OR
[AOR] 5.79; 95% CI 1.08 to 31.14). On the other hand, an
increase in diabetes duration was inversely associated
with optimal glycemic control (AOR 0.91; 95% CI 0.85 to
0.98). Being on an ACE inhibitor was inversely associated
with optimal hypertension control (AOR 0.35; 95% CI
0.14 to 0.85). Being female was inversely associated with
optimal LDL-C control (AOR 0.24; 95% CI (0.09 - 0.59).
Conclusion Patients with T2DM in Gaborone, Botswana,
presented with suboptimal control of recommended
glycaemic, hypertension and LDL-C targets. These findings
call for urgent individual and health systems interventions
to address key determinants of the recommended
therapeutic targets among patients with diabetes in this
setting.
Description
Keywords
Glycaemic blood pressure diabetes mellitus low density lipoprotein-cholesterol
Citation
Mwita JC, Francis JM, Omech B, et al. Glycaemic, blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol control among patients with diabetes mellitus in a specialised clinic in Botswana: a crosssectional study. BMJ Open 2019;9:e026807. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2018-026807