Gender and ICTs: The Emerging Reality and Measures for Achieving Equality in Uganda.

Abstract

The gender digital divide remains a challenge in Uganda, where the ICT sector is predominantly male-dominated. This imbalance hinders progress toward gender equality, a key component of Sustainable Development Goal 5. Due to past policy interventions, recent trends suggest shifts in female participation in ICT education and employment. This study examines gender disparities in ICT enrollment and employment, analysing barriers and proposing strategies for inclusivity. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates document analysis, literature review, and consultations with ICT professionals and educators. Student enrollment data from Busitema, Lira and Gulu Universities were analysed to assess gender representation across ICT programs. Findings reveal significant gender imbalances: 83.8% of Computer Science, 79.4% of Computer Engineering, and 62.2% of Information Technology students are male. Additionally, the ICT workforce remains male-dominated (77.9%), particularly in technical and specialised fields. However, a promising trend shows increasing female enrollment in Information Technology education, suggesting a shift in gender participation. The study highlights persistent barriers to gender parity in ICT, such as program design, societal perceptions, and limited female representation in academia. To address these issues, the research proposes targeted interventions, including female-centred ICT curricula, mentorship programs, digital literacy initiatives, and industry-sponsored training opportunities. Hackathon camps and proactive female employment programs are also recommended to enhance career opportunities for women in ICT. Future research should evaluate the long-term impact of these interventions to ensure that increasing female enrollment translates into equitable employment opportunities in Uganda’s digital economy.